fig8
Figure 8. Bioelectronics for the GI tract. (A) Gastric-resident electronics for prolonged physiological monitoring[242]. Copyright © 2019, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; (B) Implantable bioelectronics for gut electrophysiology[246]. Copyright © 2025, published by Springer Nature; (C) Smart capsule for inflammation profiling throughout the GI tract[247]. Copyright © 2023 The Authors, published by Elsevier; (D) Self-powered ingestible wireless biosensing system for in situ metabolite monitoring[244]. Copyright © 2022, published by Springer Nature. PEDOT:PSS: Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate); BOD: bilirubin oxidase; ABTS: 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid; GOx: glucose oxidase; TTF-TCNQ: tetrathiafulvalene-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodiamethane.








