fig3

Figure 3. Electrochemical properties of DLW-PDMS electrodes. DLW_n denotes n repetitions of the laser treatment, and PDMS refers to the untreated substrate. (A) Nyquist plots from EIS analysis in 100 mM [Fe(CN)₆]^3-/4- for surfaces with different laser repetitions. Inset: equivalent circuit model used for fitting; (B) Cyclic voltammograms in 5 mM [Fe(CN)₆]^3-/4- at 50 mV/s; (C) CV curves for DLW_3 with a redox probe and varying scan rates; (D) Randles-Sevcik plots showing the linear relationship between peak current (i_peak) and the square root of the scan rate (v^0.5) for electrodes with different laser repetitions; (E) Estimation of double-layer capacitance (C_dl) of DLW-PDMS electrodes; (F) Comparison of ECWs of DLW-PDMS electrodes. DLW: Direct laser writing; PDMS: polydimethylsiloxane; EIS: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; CV: cyclic voltammetry; ECWs: electrochemical windows.