fig1

Causal relationships among seven cardiovascular-associated metabolic diseases: insights from a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study

Figure 1. Flowchart of the study. AAD: Acute aortic dissection; DIVW: debiased inverse-variance weighted; GWAS: genome-wide association studies; LDSC: linkage disequilibrium score regression; MR-RAPS: Mendelian randomization-robust adjusted profile score; PLACO: pleiotropic analysis under the composite null hypothesis; PPI: protein-protein interaction; TAA: thoracic aortic aneurysm; TG: triglyceride; T2D: type 2 diabetes.

Metabolism and Target Organ Damage
ISSN 2769-6375 (Online)
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