fig1

Figure 1. Pathways of intraluminal vesicle formation within multivesicular bodies: (1) canonical ESCRT-dependent; (2) non-canonical ESCRT-dependent (ALIX-dependent); and (3) ESCRT-independent pathways. Purple arrows indicate progression from membrane invagination to ILV formation, and the black curved arrow indicates cargo recruitment. Thin black lines connect labels to the indicated components; colored symbols schematically distinguish the labeled components and cargo. ESCRT-0, -I, -II, and -III denote the corresponding ESCRT complexes. ALIX: Apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X; ESCRT: endosomal sorting complexes required for transport; ILVs: intraluminal vesicles.