fig3

Figure 3. (A) J_sc, (B) V_oc as a function of light intensity (C) 1/C²-V curves of Sb₂S₃ devices; (D) Dark J-V curves and (E) Nyquist plots of Sb₂S₃ devices; (F) Raman spectra of control and Zn doping Sb₂S₃ thin films; (G and H) AFM images and (I and J) C-AFM images of control and Zn doping Sb₂S₃ thin films. J-V: Density-voltage; V_oc: open-circuit voltage; C-AFM: conductive atomic force microscopy; R_tr: charge transport resistance; R_rec: recombination resistance; J_sc: short-circuit current density; R_s: series resistance; C_tr and C_rec: capacitor.