fig1
Figure 1. Study design flow chart of Mendelian randomization. IVs: Instrumental variable; OP: osteoporosis; EAA: epigenetic age acceleration; TB BMD: total body bone mineral density; FA BMD: forearm bone mineral density; LS BMD: lumbar spine bone mineral density; FN BMD: femoral neck bone mineral density; eBMD: heel bone mineral density; IEAA: intrinsic age acceleration; HannumAA: Hannum Age acceleration; PhenoAA: PhenoAge acceleration; GrimAA: GrimAge acceleration.
