fig5

Figure 5. Population-level and individual-level PCAs. (A) Population-level PCA of YNY, QHT groups, and 28 reference populations based on PC1 and PC2; (B) Population-level PCA based on PC1 and PC3; (C) Individual-level PCA of 2,233 individuals from African, East Asian, and European populations, plus YNY and QHT groups, based on PC1 and PC2; (D) Individual-level PCA of 3,069 individuals from African, East Asian, European, American, and South Asian populations, plus YNY and QHT groups, based on PC1 and PC2; (E) MDS analysis of YNY, QHT groups, and 28 reference populations based on pairwise F_ST values. ACB: African Caribbean in Barbados; ASW: African Ancestry in Southwest US; ESN: Esan in Nigeria; GWD: Gambian in Western Division, The Gambia; LWK: Luhya in Webuye: Kenya; MSL: Mende in Sierra Leone; YRI: Yoruba in Ibadan: Nigeria; CLM: Colombian in Medellin: Colombia; MXL: Mexican Ancestry in Los Angeles: California; PEL: Peruvian in Lima: Peru; PUR: Puerto Ricans from Puerto Rico; CDX: Chinese Dai in Xishuangbanna: China; CHB: Han Chinese in Beijing: China; CHS: Southern Han Chinese: China; JPT: Japanese in Tokyo: Japan; KHV: Kinh in Ho Chi Minh City: Vietnam; Manchu: Manchu in Inner Mongolia: China; Mongolian: Mongolian in Inner Mongolia: China; YNY: Yunnan Yi: China; QHT: Qinghai Tibetan: China; CEU: Utah residents with Northern and Western European ancestry; FIN: Finnish in Finland; GBR: British in England and Scotland; IBS: Iberian populations in Spain; TSI: Toscani in Italy; BEB: Bengali in Bangladesh; GIH: Gujarati Indian in Houston: TX; ITU: Indian Telugu in the UK; PJL: Punjabi from Lahore: Pakistan; STU: Sri Lankan Tamil in the UK.