REFERENCES
1. Wadsworth, J.; Nieh, T. G.; Stephens, J. J. Recent advances in aerospace refractory metal alloys. Int Mater Rev 1988, 33, 131-50.
2. Gayle, F. W.; Goodway, M. Precipitation hardening in the first aerospace aluminum alloy: the wright flyer crankcase. Science 1994, 266, 1015-7.
3. Zhu, L.; Li, N.; Childs, P. Light-weighting in aerospace component and system design. Propuls Power Res 2018, 7, 103-19.
4. Msebawi, M. S.; Leman, Z.; Shamsudin, S.; et al. The effects of CuO and SiO2 on aluminum AA6061 hybrid nanocomposite as reinforcements: a concise review. Coatings 2021, 11, 972.
5. Li, J.; Zhao, K.; Ren, L.; et al. Microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, and strengthening mechanisms of heat-resistant Al-based composite reinforced by a combination of AlN and TiN particles. J Mater Res Technol 2023, 24, 5628-41.
6. Shorowordi, K.; Laoui, T.; Haseeb, A.; Celis, J.; Froyen, L. Microstructure and interface characteristics of B4C, SiC and Al2O3 reinforced Al matrix composites: a comparative study. J Mater Process Technol 2003, 142, 738-43.
7. Xiu, Z.; Yang, W.; Chen, G.; Jiang, L.; Ma, K.; Wu, G. Microstructure and tensile properties of Si3N4p/2024Al composite fabricated by pressure infiltration method. Mater Des 2012, 33, 350-5.
8. Bian, Y.; Gao, T.; Liu, L.; Liu, G.; Liu, X. Liquid-solid reaction mechanism in Al-ZrO2(-B2O3) system and the preparation of (α-Al2O3+ZrB2/ZrAl3)/Al composites. J Alloys Compd 2020, 842, 155926.
9. Yi, M.; Zhang, P.; Yang, C.; et al. Improving creep resistance of Al-12 wt.% Ce alloy by microalloying with Sc. Scr Mater 2021, 198, 113838.
10. Zhang, M.; Lewis, R.; Gibeling, J. Mechanisms of creep deformation in a rapidly solidified Al-Fe-V-Si alloy. Mater Sci Eng A 2021, 805, 140796.
11. Knipling, K. E. Core/triple shell precipitates in Al-Er-Sc-Zr-(V,Nb,Ta) alloys. Microsc Microanal 2018, 24, 2204-5.
12. Nasim, W.; Yazdi, S.; Santamarta, R.; et al. Structure and growth of core-shell nanoprecipitates in Al-Er-Sc-Zr-V-Si high-temperature alloys. J Mater Sci 2019, 54, 1857-71.
13. Yang, C.; Cao, L.; Gao, Y.; et al. Nanostructural Sc-based hierarchy to improve the creep resistance of Al-Cu alloys. Mater Des 2020, 186, 108309.
14. Poplawsky, J. D.; Michi, R. A.; Allard, L. F.; Bahl, S.; Plotkowski, A. J.; Shyam, A. Using θ′ interfaces as templates for planar L12 precipitation in AlCuMnZr alloys. Addit Manuf Lett 2022, 3, 100086.
15. Wang, W.; Pan, Q.; Lin, G.; et al. Internal friction and heat resistance of Al, Al-Ce, Al-Ce-Zr and Al-Ce-(Sc)-(Y) aluminum alloys with high strength and high electrical conductivity. J Mater Res Technol 2021, 14, 1255-74.
16. Lu, Q.; Wang, J.; Li, H.; et al. Synergy of multiple precipitate/matrix interface structures for a heat resistant high-strength Al alloy. Nat Commun 2023, 14, 2959.
17. Poplawsky, J. D.; Milligan, B. K.; Allard, L. F.; et al. The synergistic role of Mn and Zr/Ti in producing θ′/L12 co-precipitates in Al-Cu alloys. Acta Mater 2020, 194, 577-86.
18. Akopyan, T.; Belov, N.; Letyagin, N.; Sviridova, T.; Cherkasov, S. New quaternary eutectic Al-Cu-Ca-Si system for designing precipitation hardening alloys. J Alloys Compd 2024, 993, 174695.
19. Tian, W.; Hu, M.; Chen, X.; et al. Effect of Ce addition on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Fe alloy. Mater Res Express 2020, 7, 036532.
20. Barkov, M. V.; Mamzurina, O. I.; Glavatskikh, M. V.; Barkov, R. Y.; Pozdniakov, A. V. Structure and properties of Al-Cu-Yb Alloy with iron and silicon impurities. Russ J Non-ferrous Met 2022, 63, 434-40.
21. Xue, H.; Yang, C.; De, Geuser. F.; et al. Highly stable coherent nanoprecipitates via diffusion-dominated solute uptake and interstitial ordering. Nat Mater 2023, 22, 434-41.
22. Mei, Z.; Liu, Z.; Bai, S.; Wang, J.; Cao, J. Effects of yttrium additions on microstructures and mechanical properties of cast Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys. J Alloys Compd 2021, 870, 159435.
23. Xie, H.; Zhao, J.; Cao, J.; et al. Effect of minor Er additions on the microstructures and mechanical properties of cast Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys. Materials 2021, 14, 4212.
24. Felner, I.; Nowik, I. Magnetism and hyperfine interactions of 57Fe, 151Eu, 155Gd, 161Dy, 166Er and 170Yb in RM4Al8 compounds (R = rare earth or Y, M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu). J Phys Chem Solids 1979, 40, 1035-44.
25. Li, J.; Zhang, Y.; Cao, X.; et al. Accelerated discovery of high-strength aluminum alloys by machine learning. Commun Mater 2020, 1, 74.
26. Wang, S.; Yang, X.; Wang, J.; Zhang, C.; Xue, C. Identifying the crystal structure of T1 precipitates in Al-Li-Cu alloys by ab initio calculations and HAADF-STEM imaging. J Mater Sci Technol 2023, 133, 41-57.
27. Xue, B.; Xiao, W.; Li, X.; et al. Comprehensive investigation on the structural, electronic and mechanical properties of T-Mg32(Al, Zn)49 phases in Al-Mg-Zn alloys. J Mater Sci Technol 2024, 173, 237-46.
28. Kang, Y.; Chen, N.; Shen, J. Atomistic simulation of the lattice constants and lattice vibrations in RT4Al8 (R = Nd, Sm; T = Cr, Mn, Cu, Fe). J Alloys Compd 2003, 352, 26-33.
29. Yang, W.; Pang, M.; Tan, Y.; Zhan, Y. A comparative first-principles study on electronic structures and mechanical properties of ternary intermetallic compounds Al8Cr4Y and Al8Cu4Y: pressure and tension effects. J Phys Chem Solids 2016, 98, 298-308.
30. Guo, Y.; Wang, Y.; Chen, H.; Xu, H.; Hu, M.; Ji, Z. First-principles study on stability, electronic, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Al-Cu-RE ternary compounds. Solid State Commun 2019, 287, 63-7.
31. Zarechnyuk, O. S. Ternary compounds with a thmn12 superstructure in the systems yttrium-transition metal-aluminium. Dopovidi Akad. Nauk Ukr. RSR 1966, 6, 767. (in Russian) https://www.osti.gov/biblio/4517568 (accessed 2026-04-13).
32. Knowles, K. M.; Stobbs, W. M. The structure of {111} age-hardening precipitates in Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys. Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci 1988, 44, 207-27.
33. Sun, L.; Irving, D. L.; Zikry, M. A.; Brenner, D. First-principles investigation of the structure and synergistic chemical bonding of Ag and Mg at the Al|Ω interface in a Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy. Acta Mater 2009, 57, 3522-8.
34. Kang, S. J.; Kim, Y.; Kim, M.; Zuo, J. Determination of interfacial atomic structure, misfits and energetics of Ω phase in Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy. Acta Mater 2014, 81, 501-11.
35. Hirel, P. Atomsk: a tool for manipulating and converting atomic data files. Comput Phys Commun 2015, 197, 212-9.
36. Kresse, G.; Furthmüller, J. Efficiency of ab-initio total energy calculations for metals and semiconductors using a plane-wave basis set. Comput Mater Sci 1996, 6, 15-50.
37. Kresse, G.; Hafner, J. Ab initio molecular-dynamics simulation of the liquid-metal-amorphous-semiconductor transition in germanium. Phys Rev B Condens Matter 1994, 49, 14251-69.
38. Perdew, J. P.; Burke, K.; Ernzerhof, M. Generalized gradient approximation made simple. Phys Rev Lett 1996, 77, 3865-8.
39. Manz, T. A.; Limas, N. G. Introducing DDEC6 atomic population analysis: part 1. Charge partitioning theory and methodology. RSC Adv 2016, 6, 47771-801.
40. Limas, N. G.; Manz, T. A. Introducing DDEC6 atomic population analysis: part 2. Computed results for a wide range of periodic and nonperiodic materials. RSC Adv 2016, 6, 45727-47.
41. Manz, T. A. Introducing DDEC6 atomic population analysis: part 3. Comprehensive method to compute bond orders. RSC Adv 2017, 7, 45552-81.
42. Ong, S. P.; Cholia, S.; Jain, A.; et al. The materials Application Programming Interface (API): a simple, flexible and efficient API for materials data based on REpresentational State Transfer (REST) principles. Comput Mater Sci 2015, 97, 209-15.
43. Ong, S. P.; Wang, L.; Kang, B.; Ceder, G. Li-Fe-P-O2 phase diagram from first principles calculations. Chem Mater 2008, 20, 1798-807.
44. Ong, S. P.; Jain, A.; Hautier, G.; Kang, B.; Ceder, G. Thermal stabilities of delithiated olivine MPO4 (M = Fe, Mn) cathodes investigated using first principles calculations. Electrochem Commun 2010, 12, 427-30.
45. Beck, H. P.; Zhou, M.; Hasanovic, P.; Gießelmann, E.; Springborg, M. Course on the use of DFT calculations to improve understanding of phase diagrams in solid-state chemistry. J Chem Educ 2021, 98, 3207-17.
46. Koza, J. Genetic programming as a means for programming computers by natural selection. Stat Comput 1994, 4, BF00175355.
47. Wang, Y.; Wagner, N.; Rondinelli, J. M. Symbolic regression in materials science. MRS Communications 2019, 9, 793-805.
48. La, Cava. W.; Burlacu, B.; Virgolin, M.; et al. Contemporary symbolic regression methods and their relative performance. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst 2021, 2021, 1-16.
49. Ward, L.; Agrawal, A.; Choudhary, A.; Wolverton, C. A general-purpose machine learning framework for predicting properties of inorganic materials. npj Comput Mater 2016, 2, 16028.
50. Ward, L.; Dunn, A.; Faghaninia, A.; et al. Matminer: an open source toolkit for materials data mining. Comput Mater Sci 2018, 152, 60-9.
51. Li, J.; Cheng, K.; Wang, S.; et al. Feature selection: a data perspective. ACM Comput Surv 2017, 50, 1-45.
52. Cai, J.; Luo, J.; Wang, S.; Yang, S. Feature selection in machine learning: a new perspective. Neurocomputing 2018, 300, 70-9.
53. Pearson, K. Note on regression and inheritance in the case of two parents. Proc R Soc London 1895, 58, 240-2.
54. Furlanello, C.; Serafini, M.; Merler, S.; Jurman, G. An accelerated procedure for recursive feature ranking on microarray data. Neural Netw 2003, 16, 641-8.
55. Pedregosa, F.; Varoquaux, G.; Gramfort, A.; et al. Scikit-learn: machine learning in python. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 2011, 12, 2825-30. https://www.jmlr.org/papers/volume12/pedregosa11a/pedregosa11a.pdf?source=post_page (accessed 2026-04-13).
57. Muthyala, M.; Sorourifar, F.; Paulson, J. A. TorchSISSO: a PyTorch-based implementation of the sure independence screening and sparsifying operator for efficient and interpretable model discovery. Digit Chem Eng 2024, 13, 100198.
58. Momma, K.; Izumi, F. VESTA 3 for three-dimensional visualization of crystal, volumetric and morphology data. J Appl Crystallogr 2011, 44, 1272-6.
59. Xue, H.; Yang, C.; Zhang, P.; Wu, S. H.; Liu, G.; Sun, J. Heat-resistant Al alloys: microstructural design and microalloying effect. J Mater Sci 2024, 59, 9749-67.
60. Zhang, D.; Liu, Y. Concise derivation of formulas for calculating the bonding ability of hybrid orbitals and the angle between hybrid orbitals. Daxue Huaxue 2022, 0, 202208064-0.
61. Yang, S.; Wilson, N.; Nie, J. Revisit of the structure of Ω precipitate in Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys. Scripta Materialia 2021, 205, 114204.
62. Reich, L.; Murayama, M.; Hono, K. Evolution of Ω phase in an Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy - a three-dimensional atom probe study. Acta Mater 1998, 46, 6053-62.
63. Lu, Q.; Hu, J.; Yang, T.; et al. Revisiting the effect of Ag additions on Ω precipitation and heat resistance of Al-Cu-Mg-Si-Ag alloys. Mater Sci Eng A 2023, 885, 145539.
64. Kharakterova, M. L. Phase composition of aluminum-copper-scandium alloys at 450 and 500 °C. Metally 1991, 4, 191-4. https://inis.iaea.org/records/zt3px-z3342 (accessed 2026-04-13).
65. Norman, A. F.; Prangnell, P. B.; Mcewen, R. S. The solidification behaviour of dilute aluminium-scandium alloys. Acta Mater 1998, 46, 5715-32.
66. Kairy, S.; Rouxel, B.; Dumbre, J.; et al. Simultaneous improvement in corrosion resistance and hardness of a model 2xxx series Al-Cu alloy with the microstructural variation caused by Sc and Zr additions. Corros Sci 2019, 158, 108095.
67. Tang, Y.; Xiao, D.; Huang, L.; et al. Effect of minor Sc addition on the microstructure evolution of Al-Cu-Li-Mg alloy during homogenization with different cooling modes. Met Mater Int 2022, 28, 2422-33.
68. Qin, J.; Dai, W.; Ren, X.; Liu, Z.; Wang, B. Investigation of W phase crystal structure and evolution mechanism based on Al-Cu-Sc alloy during homogenization. Mater Charact 2024, 207, 113536.
69. Emery, A. A.; Wolverton, C. High-throughput DFT calculations of formation energy, stability and oxygen vacancy formation energy of ABO3 perovskites. Sci Data 2017, 4, 170153.





